Symptoms#
- Messages landing in spam despite previously good placement
- Bounces mentioning policy, authentication, or reputation
- Provider dashboards showing a drop in reputation or authentication pass rate
Diagnosis steps#
- Confirm the configuration is live: query DNS from an external resolver and check the sending platform's settings page.
- Send to a seed mailbox and read the full headers, especially Authentication-Results.
- Compare the domains in From, Return-Path, and DKIM d= for alignment.
- Check provider dashboards (Google Postmaster Tools, Microsoft SNDS) for reputation and error rates.
- Review recent changes: new vendors, DNS edits, list imports, volume spikes.
Likely causes#
- Trusting a single seed mailbox per provider; use several with different engagement histories.
- Optimizing for the seed test and not real recipient engagement.
Fix and re-verify#
- Create seed accounts at Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo, iCloud, and key B2B gateways.
- Send each campaign to the seed list before the full send.
- Record inbox, spam, promotions, and missing counts per provider.
- Correlate drops with content, sending domain, or list segment changes.
- Fix authentication, reputation, or content issues before scaling.
Frequently asked questions#
Why does mail land in Gmail Promotions?
Gmail classifies by content and sender behavior. Promotions is not spam and often performs well; do not over-optimize to escape it.
What is a good inbox placement rate?
Above 90% is healthy. Below 80% indicates a reputation or authentication problem.